Which of the Following Students' Statements Best Summarizes the Research

question 7

Multiple Choice

Which of the following students' statements best summarizes the research on the belief-bias effect?

• A) Petra: "The belief-bias effect shows us how top-down processing influences logical reasoning; we should emphasize the actual information in the reasoning problem."
• B) Chris: "The belief-bias effect illustrates how people systematically keep trying to confirm a hypothesis, rather than trying to disconfirm it."
• C) Josh: "According to the belief-bias effect, people systematically prefer a conclusion that is stated in the positive form, rather than a conclusion that uses the word not."
• D) Cynthia: "The belief-bias effect shows us that people draw conclusions in logical reasoning on the basis of how frequently their prior beliefs come to mind."

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Definitions:

Seminiferous Tubules

Seminiferous tubules are tightly coiled structures within the testes where spermatogenesis, the production of sperm, occurs.

Testes

Male gonads that produce sperm and the male sex hormones.

Scrotum

Saclike structure of a male that houses the testes.

Sperm Duct

Also known as the vas deferens, it is a tube that carries sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory ducts in anticipation of ejaculation.