Which of the Following Students Provides the Best Summary of the Relationship

question 66

Multiple Choice

Which of the following students provides the best summary of the relationship between expertise and top-down/bottom-up processing?

• A) Carrie: "Expert problem solvers tend to emphasize top-down processing because this framework provides the best overview of the problem."
• B) María Elena: "Expert problem solvers use their knowledge (top-down processing), but they also attend to the unique features of the problem (bottom-up processing)."
• C) Raoul: "The basic problem is that experts consistently overuse bottom-up processing, and they ignore top-down processing."
• D) Herbie: "Experts make too much use of bottom-up processing; novices make too much use of top-down processing."

---

Definitions:

Test of Relevance

A criterion used to determine the significance or applicability of information to a particular context or argument.

Religious Ideologies

Systems of beliefs that are based on or connected to religion, often dictating moral behavior and worldviews.

Political Ideologies

Systems of beliefs or principles that influence or dictate how societies should be organized and governed, often defining positions on individual liberty, social equity, and the role of government.

Self-Evident

A statement or fact that is considered to be true and accepted without need for proof or further explanation.