Randomly Polarized Light of Intensity I₀ Is Passed Through Two

question 7

Multiple Choice

Randomly polarized light of intensity I₀ is passed through two polarizers whose transmission axes differ by 45°. What is the intensity of the light that has passed through both polarizers?

• A) 0.70 I₀
• B) 0.50 I₀
• C) 0.35 I₀
• D) 0.25 I₀
• E) 0.00

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Definitions:

Default Risk

The risk that a borrower will not make the required payments on their debt obligations, leading to a default.

Semiannual Coupon

Interest payments made to bond investors every six months as part of the bond's fixed-income return.

Bond Rating

An evaluation provided by a credit rating agency regarding the creditworthiness of a bond issuer, affecting the interest rates and investment appeal of its bonds.

Secured Debt

A debt that is backed by collateral, providing the lender with assurance that the loan can be recovered if defaulted.