Independent Frames of Reference and Organizational Politics Are the Two

question 13

Multiple Choice

Independent frames of reference and organizational politics are the two primary barriers to cross-functional team integration. Two methods to facilitate cross-functional integration are _________ and

• A)autonomous strategic behavior; induced strategic behavior.
• B)incremental innovations; radical innovations.
• C)bottom-up integration; top-down integration.
• D)shared values; effective leadership.

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Definitions:

Non-Value-Added

Processes or activities that do not add value or contribute to the customer's perceived value of a product or service.

Cell Conversion Costs

Expenses incurred during the transformation of materials into finished goods, specifically within a manufacturing cell or unit.

Conversion Cost Rate

The measure of the cost incurred to convert raw materials into finished products, often expressed as a percentage or rate.

Machine Hours

A measure of the amount of time a machine is operated within a specific period, used in calculating manufacturing costs and efficiency.