Based on the Textbook, Researchers Have Measured the Outcome of Psychotherapy

question 38

Multiple Choice

Based on the textbook, researchers have measured the outcome of psychotherapy by doing all of the following EXCEPT ______.

• A) assessing the reduction in spending on medical services when psychotherapy is provided
• B) using PET and fMRI scans to view changes in the brain subsequent to psychotherapy
• C) surveying clients about their experiences in psychotherapy
• D) comparing hemoglobin levels between those with and without mental disorders

---

Definitions:

Cognitive Dissonance Theory

A theory suggesting that individuals experience discomfort (dissonance) from holding two or more conflicting cognitions (thoughts, beliefs, or attitudes), leading them to alter behavior or attitudes to reduce discomfort.

Role

The function or position that an individual assumes or is given in a social context, which influences behavior and expectations.

Cognitive Dissonance

The mental discomfort experienced by a person who holds conflicting beliefs, values, or attitudes, especially relating to behavioral decisions and attitude change.

Role Playing

A teaching or therapeutic technique that involves acting out roles or scenarios, often used to practice skills, explore complex situations, or analyze behavior.