To Establish the Defence of 'Contextual Truth' to the Tort

question 24

Multiple Choice

To establish the defence of 'contextual truth' to the tort of defamation, the defendant must prove:

• A)the statement was not motivated by malice and the defendant had a duty to make the statement to a person who had a corresponding duty to receive it.
• B)the statement was made during parliament or judicial proceedings.
• C)the defamatory statement had one or more other meanings that were substantially true and the defamatory meaning did not harm the reputation of the plaintiff because of the substantial truth of the other meanings.
• D)the defamatory statement was substantially true.

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Definitions:

Upward Communication

The process of information flow from the lower levels of a hierarchy to the higher levels, often including feedback, reports, or suggestions.

Downward Communication

The flow of information from higher levels of organizational hierarchy to lower levels, often involving directives and updates.

Filtering

The process of selectively presenting, withholding, or modifying information or messages in communication.

Chain of Command

A system in organizations where authority and responsibility flow from the top ranks down to the lower ranks in an orderly and clear manner.