To Establish the Defence of 'Absolute Privilege' to the Tort

question 21

Multiple Choice

To establish the defence of 'absolute privilege' to the tort of defamation, the defendant must prove:

• A)the statement was not motivated by malice and the defendant had a duty to make the statement to a person who had a corresponding duty to receive it.
• B)the statement was made during parliament or judicial proceedings.
• C)the defamatory statement had one or more other meanings that were substantially true and the defamatory meaning did not harm the reputation of the plaintiff because of the substantial truth of the other meanings.
• D)the defamatory statement was substantially true.

Understand the role of costs in service pricing, service promotion, and cost control.

Grasp the concept of indirect costs and the significance of cost drivers in allocating these costs in service entities.

Recognize the value chain components relevant to different types of entities (merchandising, professional services).

Understand the characteristics and classification of service entities.

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Definitions:

Statement of Cash Flows

An overview presenting the effects of changes in income and balance sheet figures on cash and cash equivalents, categorized by operating, investing, and financing activities.

Indirect Method

An approach used in cash flow statements where net income is adjusted for changes in non-cash working capital and other items to arrive at net cash flow from operating activities.

Fixed Assets

Fixed assets are long-term tangible assets that a company owns and uses in its operations to generate income, such as buildings, machinery, and equipment.

Percentage-Of-Completion Method

An accounting method used to recognize revenues and expenses of long-term projects proportionate to the work completed during the period.