Which of the Following Is NOT Generally Characteristic of Pathways

question 76

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT generally characteristic of pathways activated by second messengers?

• A)Each signaling pathway consists of a series of distinct proteins that operate in sequence.
• B)Each protein in the pathway typically acts by altering the conformation of the previous (upstream)protein in the series, an event that activates or inhibits the protein.
• C)Alterations in the conformations of signaling proteins are often accomplished by protein kinases and protein phosphatases that, respectively, add or remove phosphate groups from other proteins.
• D)Some phosphatases and protein kinases in the pathway have numerous proteins as their substrates; others act on only a single protein substrate or a single amino acid of a protein substrate.
• E)Many of the protein substrates of the pathway enzymes are enzymes themselves, like other kinases and phosphatases, but they include ion channels, transcription factors and various regulatory molecules.

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