What Energy Source Is Used to Maintain the Ran-GTP Gradient

question 20

Multiple Choice

What energy source is used to maintain the Ran-GTP gradient across the nuclear envelope?

• A)energy released by ATP hydrolysis
• B)a proton gradient
• C)a H⁺ ion gradient
• D)energy released by GTP hydrolysis
• E)an electron gradient

---

Definitions:

Arthropods

Invertebrate animals having an exoskeleton, a segmented body, and paired jointed appendages, including insects, arachnids, and crustaceans.

Exclusively Marine

Referring to organisms or features that are found only in the oceanic environment, not in fresh water or on land.

Chilopods

A class of arthropods known as centipedes, characterized by elongated bodies with a pair of legs per segmented body part.

Arachnids

A class of joint-legged invertebrate animals in the subphylum Chelicerata, including spiders, scorpions, ticks, and mites.