Susumu Ohno Proposed That the Evolution of Vertebrates from a Much

question 68

Multiple Choice

Susumu Ohno proposed that the evolution of vertebrates from a much simpler invertebrate ancestor was made possible by two separate rounds of whole-genome duplication during an early evolutionary period. How was it proposed that the whole-gene duplication led to the encoding of the more complex vertebrate body?

• A)The extra genes immediately resulted in a bigger body.
• B)The many extra genes generated by genetic duplication can be molded over time into new genes needed to encode the complex vertebrate body.
• C)The genes could rapidly combine to make new structures.
• D)The gene duplication makes the nucleus bigger and makes the cell more versatile.
• E)The duplication of the chromosomes leads to new cytoplasmic structures in the first generation.

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Definitions:

Cultural Tools

Symbols, language, and technologies that allow people within a society to communicate, think, solve problems, and create knowledge.

Transmitted

The process by which information, traits, diseases, or energy is passed or conveyed from one entity or location to another.

Phenotype

Phenotype refers to the observable physical and physiological traits of an organism, determined by its genetic makeup and environmental influences.

Genotype

The genetic makeup of an individual, consisting of all the DNA sequences that determine hereditary traits.