What Is the Missing Symbol in the Following Nuclear Transformation

question 11

Multiple Choice

What is the missing symbol in the following nuclear transformation? + → +

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Definitions:

Reflexes

Automatic, involuntary responses to specific stimuli that are mediated by the nervous system.

Food Reinforcement

In behavioral psychology, it is the process by which the probability of a response increases because it is followed by the presentation of food, which is a primary reinforcer.

Instinctive Behaviors

Actions or reactions that an organism is naturally inclined to perform without being taught.

Brelands

Refers to Keller and Marian Breland, psychologists who studied animal behavior and learning, emphasizing instinctual drift.