Which of the Following Pulmonary Function Values Characterizes an Obstructive

question 8

Multiple Choice

Which of the following pulmonary function values characterizes an obstructive lung disorder?
I. The forced vital capacity (FVC) is normal or decreased.
II. The forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV₁) is decreased.
III. The ratio of residual volume to total lung capacity (RV/TLC) is decreased.
IV. RV is increased.

• A) II and IV only
• B) I and III only
• C) I, II, and IV only
• D) II, III, and IV only

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Definitions:

Fetal Demise

The death of a fetus at any stage of pregnancy before birth.

Perinatal Loss

The death of a baby during the late stages of pregnancy, during birth, or shortly after birth, a deeply impactful event for families.

Drug Abuse

The deliberate use of drugs for non-medical purposes, leading to physical, mental, social, or legal problems.

Substance Misuse

The harmful or hazardous use of psychoactive substances, including alcohol and illicit drugs, leading to negative health, social, or legal outcomes.