Fred Is Afraid of Spiders

question 88

Multiple Choice

Fred is afraid of spiders. He won't even watch a nature show on TV about them. When he sees a picture of a spider, he has a panic attack, but when he avoids looking at the image, his panic goes away. Fred's avoidance of spiders is being

• A) extinguished because he feels anxious after doing so.
• B) recovered spontaneously because he will never get better.
• C) positively reinforced because he is rewarded by his anxiety going down.
• D) negatively reinforced because he is rewarded by his anxiety going down.
• E) positively reinforced because he will lose his fear of spiders in the long run.

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Definitions:

Conversation Dimensions

Various aspects or characteristics that define and influence the nature of interpersonal communication, such as tone, topic, and level of formality.

Upward Communication

A process in organizational settings where information flows from lower levels of a hierarchy to higher ones, often involving feedback or reporting.

Downward Communication

The flow of information from higher levels of an organization to its lower levels, typically involving directives, updates, or feedback.

Horizontal Communication

The exchange of information between individuals or units of the same hierarchical level within an organization.