Simplify the Following Expression

question 153

Multiple Choice

Simplify the following expression.

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Definitions:

Classical Conditioning

A learning process that occurs when two stimuli are repeatedly paired; a response that is initially elicited by the second stimulus is eventually elicited by the first stimulus alone.

Research

The systematic investigation and study of materials and sources in order to establish facts and reach new conclusions.

Avoidance Responses

Behaviors aimed at preventing exposure to feared stimuli, which can reinforce anxiety and phobic disorders.

Modeling

The process of creating representations of systems or behaviors, often through mathematics or simulations, to predict and understand complex phenomena.