When an Individual Is Exercising Heavily and When the Muscle

question 60

Multiple Choice

When an individual is exercising heavily and when the muscle becomes oxygen-deprived, muscle cells convert pyruvate to lactate. What happens to the lactate in skeletal muscle cells?

• A) It is converted to NAD⁺.
• B) It produces CO₂ and water.
• C) It is taken to the liver and converted back to pyruvate.
• D) It reduces FADH₂ to FAD⁺.
• E) It is converted to alcohol.

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Definitions:

Blastocyst

A structure formed in the early development of mammals, consisting of a sphere of cells enclosing a fluid-filled cavity and a cluster of cells from which the embryo develops.

Zygote

The initial cell formed when a sperm cell fertilizes an egg cell, marking the beginning of pregnancy.

Observable Characteristics

Traits or features of an organism that can be seen or measured directly.

Phenotypes

The observable characteristics or traits of an organism resulting from the interaction of its genetic makeup and its environment.