The Following Questions Refer to the Evolutionary Tree in Figure

question 7

Multiple Choice

The following questions refer to the evolutionary tree in Figure 22.2.
The horizontal axis of the cladogram depicted below is a timeline that extends from 100,000 years ago to the present; the vertical axis represents nothing in particular. The labeled branch points on the tree (V-Z) represent various common ancestors. Let's say that only since 50,000 years ago has there been enough variation between the lineages depicted here to separate them into distinct species, and only the tips of the lineages on this tree represent distinct species.

Figure 22.2
-Which of the five common ancestors, labeled V-Z, has been most successful in terms of the percent of its derived species that are extant?

• A) V
• B) W
• C) X
• D) Y
• E) Z

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Definitions:

Alarm Phase

The initial stage of the body's response to stress, activating the fight or flight response and preparing the body to face a threat.

Parasympathetic Division

A branch of the autonomic nervous system responsible for conserving energy and promoting restful states.

Autonomic Nervous System

The part of the nervous system responsible for control of the bodily functions not consciously directed, such as breathing, the heartbeat, and digestive processes.

White Blood Cells

Cells in the blood that are involved in protecting the body against both infectious disease and foreign invaders.