The Next Few Questions Refer to the Following Description

question 36

Multiple Choice

The next few questions refer to the following description.
On the volcanic, equatorial West African island of Sao Tomé, two species of fruit fly exist. Drosophila yakuba inhabits the island's lowlands, and is also found on the African mainland, located about 200 miles away. At higher elevations, and only on Sao Tomé, is found the very closely related Drosophila santomea. The two species can hybridize, though male hybrids are sterile. A hybrid zone exists at middle elevations, though hybrids there are greatly outnumbered by D. santomea. Studies of the two species' nuclear genomes reveal that D. yakuba on the island is more closely related to mainland D. yakuba than to D. santomea (2n = 4 in both species) . Sao Tomé rose from the Atlantic Ocean about 14 million years ago.
-If a speciation event occurred on Sao Tomé, producing D. santomea from a parent colony of D. yakuba, then which terms apply?
I.macroevolution
II allopatric speciation
III.sympatric speciation

• A) I only
• B) II only
• C) I and II
• D) I and III

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Definitions:

Multinomial Experiment

An experiment that leads to outcomes categorized into more than two independent and mutually exclusive categories.

Identical Trials

Experiments or tests where each trial is repeated under the same conditions to ensure consistency in the data collected.

Outcome Probabilities

The likelihood of each possible result of a statistical experiment or random event.

Expected Frequencies

The predicted counts of occurrences in each category of a variable, based on a probability model or the distribution of the population.