A) That These Organisms Are Phenotypically More Similar to Each

question 2

Multiple Choice

A) that these organisms are phenotypically more similar to each other than to any others shown on the trees in Figure 26.2.
B) that their morphological similarities are probably homoplasies.
C) that they had a common ancestor.
D) that all three of the responses are correct.
E) that two of the responses are correct.
Answer: C
-If cetaceans are determined to have diverged from the lineage leading to the artiodactyls before the divergence of lineages leading to the modern artiodactyls (including hippos) , then the cetaceans can be considered
1) a sister order to the order Artiodactyla.
2) an ingroup of the order Artiodactyla.
3) the common ancestor of the order Artiodactyla.

• A) 1 only
• B) 3 only
• C) 1 and 2
• D) 1 and 3
• E) 2 and 3

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Definitions:

Additional Evidence

Supplementary information or data that supports or clarifies an argument, claim, or hypothesis.

Belief Perseverance

A cognitive phenomenon where individuals stick to their initial beliefs even when faced with new, contradictory evidence.

Unanimous Verdict

A legal decision where all jurors agree on the verdict in a court case.

Confirmation Bias

The tendency to search for, interpret, favor, and recall information in a way that confirms one’s preexisting beliefs or hypotheses.