What Adaptations Should One Expect of the Seed Coats of Angiosperm

question 63

Multiple Choice

What adaptations should one expect of the seed coats of angiosperm species whose seeds are dispersed by frugivorous (fruit-eating) animals, as opposed to angiosperm species whose seeds are dispersed by other means?
1) The exterior of the seed coat should have barbs or hooks.
2) The seed coat should contain secondary compounds that irritate the lining of the animal's mouth.
3) The seed coat should be able to withstand low pH's.
4) The seed coat, upon its complete digestion, should provide vitamins or nutrients to animals.
5) The seed coat should be resistant to the animals' digestive enzymes.

• A) 4 only
• B) 1 and 2
• C) 2 and 3
• D) 3 and 5
• E) 3, 4, and 5

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Definitions:

Cohesive

Characterizing elements that stick together strongly, producing a unified whole.

Motivated

refers to the internal drive or desire within individuals that prompts them towards action or achieving goals.

Attracted

The act of drawing interest or attention, often used in marketing to describe how consumers are drawn to products, services, or brands.

Cooperating

The action of working together towards a common goal or benefit.