The Transduction of Sound Waves into Action Potentials Takes Place

question 4

Multiple Choice

The transduction of sound waves into action potentials takes place

• A) within the tectorial membrane as it is stimulated by the hair cells.
• B) when hair cells are bent against the tectorial membrane, causing them to depolarize and release neurotransmitter that stimulates sensory neurons.
• C) as the basilar membrane becomes more permeable to sodium ions and depolarizes, initiating an action potential in a sensory neuron.
• D) as the basilar membrane vibrates at different frequencies in response to the varying volume of sounds.
• E) within the middle ear as the vibrations are amplified by the malleus, incus, and stapes.

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Definitions:

Area

The size or dimensions of a land area or surface.

z

Represents the standard score, indicating how many standard deviations an element is from the mean.

Standard Normal Random Variable

A normal distribution with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1, used as a basis for comparison in statistics.

z

In statistics, often refers to a z-score, which measures the number of standard deviations a data point is from the mean of a distribution.