Which Variables Define the Ecological Life History of a Species

question 69

Multiple Choice

Which variables define the ecological life history of a species?

• A) the age at which reproduction begins, frequency of reproduction, and the number of offspring for each reproductive episode
• B) the ratio of females to males, the length of the breeding season, and the number of offspring for each reproductive episode
• C) the number of offspring produced over a lifetime by a breeding pair and the survivability of the offspring
• D) timing breeding sessions with optimal environmental conditions and the number of offspring produced during each breeding session
• E) the amount of parental care given after birth, the number of reproductive episodes per year, and the number of years females are capable of producing viable offspring

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Definitions:

Fixed Costs

Expenses that do not change with the level of production or business activity, such as rent, salaries, and utility charges.

Marginal Cost

The charge for the production of one additional unit of a product or service.

Average Total Cost

The aggregate expense of manufacturing, including both fixed and variable costs, divided by the total number of units produced.

Marginal Cost

The price associated with manufacturing one more unit of a product or service.