Given the equation 
, find and simplify 
.
Definitions:
Arid Lands
Regions characterized by extremely dry conditions, insufficient rainfall, and limited water resources, supporting sparse vegetation.
Greenhouse
Refers to the trapping of the sun's warmth in a planet's lower atmosphere due to the presence of greenhouse gases, leading to an increase in temperature.
Atmospheric
Related to or occurring within the Earth's atmosphere, involving aspects like weather, climate, and air quality.
Tree-Ring Data
A method of dating that analyses the growth rings of trees to understand historical climate conditions, date archaeological sites, or study past volcanic eruptions.
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