Use the Graph and Information Provided in the Paragraph Below

question 49

Multiple Choice

Use the graph and information provided in the paragraph below to answer the following questions.
Flycatcher birds that migrate from Africa to Europe feed their nestlings a diet that is almost exclusively moth caterpillars. The graph below shows the mean dates of arrival, bird hatching, and peak caterpillar season for the years 1980 and 2000.

-Why were ecologists concerned about the shift in the peak caterpillar season from June 3, 1980, to May 15, 2000?

• A) The caterpillars would have eaten much of the foliage of the trees where flycatchers would have nested, rendering their nests more open to predation.
• B) The earlier hatching of caterpillars would compete with other insect larval forms which the flycatchers would also use to feed their young.
• C) The 2000 flycatcher nestlings would miss the peak caterpillar season and might not be as well fed.
• D) The flycatchers would have to migrate sooner to match their brood-rearing to the time of peak caterpillar season.
• E) Pesticides, which have a negative effect on the ecosystem, would have to be used to control the earlier outbreak of caterpillar hatching.

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Definitions:

Systematic Desensitization

A behavioral therapy technique used to reduce phobic responses and anxiety through gradual exposure to the feared object or situation.

Anxiety-Provoking Situations

Circumstances or events that induce a state of anxiety or stress, often used in psychological studies to understand coping mechanisms.

Systematic Desensitization

A behavioral therapy technique aimed at reducing phobic reactions through gradual exposure to the feared object or situation while practicing relaxation techniques.

Phobias

Intense, irrational fears of specific objects or situations.