The Strength of Cardiac Muscle Contraction for a Particular Preload

question 12

Multiple Choice

The strength of cardiac muscle contraction for a particular preload (ionotropic effect) is regulated by

• A) degree of activation of motor neurons
• B) level of amino acids in blood
• C) level of calcium in blood
• D) presence or absence of inflammatory mediators

---

Definitions:

Average Total Cost

The total cost of production (fixed and variable costs combined) divided by the number of units produced.

Average Variable Cost

The total variable cost of production divided by the number of units produced, indicating the variable cost per unit.

Break-even Point

The point at which total cost and total revenue are equal, meaning there is no profit or loss.

Average Total Cost (ATC)

Total cost divided by output.