What Current Must Be Maintained in a Square Loop (50

question 60

Multiple Choice

What current must be maintained in a square loop (50 cm on a side) to create a torque of 1.0 N ⋅ m about an axis through its center and parallel to one of its sides when a magnetic field of magnitude 70 mT is directed at 40° to the plane of the loop?

• A) 66 A
• B) 89 A
• C) 61 A
• D) 75 A
• E) 37 A

Analyze the role and impact of third parties within the US political system.

Understand the significance of independent voters and their influence on election outcomes.

Distinguish between the party-in-the-electorate, party organization, and party-in-government.

Explain the concept of a party machine and its evolution over time.

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Definitions:

Ratio Schedule

A schedule of reinforcement where a response is reinforced only after a specified number of responses have occurred.

Partial Reinforcement Effect

The tendency for a response that is reinforced after some, but not all, correct responses to be very resistant to extinction.

Continuous Reinforcement

A method of learning in which a behavior is reinforced each time it is performed, leading to faster acquisition of the behavior.

Continuous Reinforcement

A reinforcement schedule in which every occurrence of the instrumental response (desired response) is followed by the reinforcer.