Determine the Potential Difference V_a − V_b Shown in the Circuit

question 36

Multiple Choice

Determine the potential difference V_a − V_b shown in the circuit below.

• A) −5.0 V
• B) +5.0 V
• C) −10 V
• D) +10 V
• E) 0 V

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Definitions:

Transmembrane Proteins

Proteins that span the entirety of a cell membrane, facilitating a variety of functions including signaling and transport across the membrane.

Signaling Molecule

Chemicals that transfer information from one cell to another, playing a key role in biological processes and cellular responses.

Scaffold Proteins

Proteins that mediate the assembly of other proteins into complex multi-enzyme units, facilitating signal transduction and other cellular processes.

Signaling Kinases

Enzymes that transfer phosphate groups from high-energy molecules to specific substrates, playing a critical role in cell signaling pathways.