Match Each Term with the Appropriate Definition

question 61

Multiple Choice

Match each term with the appropriate definition.
-​single-gene defects

• A)represents all the genes and DNA contained in an organism
• B)basic units of heredity that occupy specific places on chromosomes
• C)study of the functions and interactions of all genes in the genome
• D)structures in the nuclei of cells that contain genes
• E)segments of genes that provide instructions for the synthesis,or production,of specific enzymes and other proteins needed by cells to carry out life- and health-sustaining processes
• F)study of the effects of nutrients on gene expression,and the impact of nutrient-gene interactions on health and disease
• G)rare disorder caused by lack of the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase
• H)heritable changes in gene function that do not entail a change in DNA sequence
• I)alteration in the normal sequence of a gene due to a substitution of a set of bases
• J)occurs due to a defect in a gene that produces a protein that controls how much iron is absorbed from food
• K)disorders resulting from one abnormal gene
• L)single-gene defect disorder that interferes with the body's utilization of the sugar galactose
• M)one of the structural components,or building blocks,of DNA and RNA
• N)rare disorder caused by a mutation in one of two genes that affect the ability of small intestine cells to dispose of plant sterols in the feces
• O)specific genetic makeup of an individual as coded by DNA

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Definitions:

Homo Neanderthalensis

Extinct hominin; closest known relative of H. sapiens; lived in Africa, Europe, Asia.

Homo Erectus

Extinct hominin that arose about 1.8 million years ago in East Africa; migrated out of Africa.

Homo Floresiensis

A species of small-statured humans that lived on the Indonesian island of Flores until roughly 50,000 years ago.

Cartilaginous Fish

Jawed fish with a skeleton of cartilage; a shark, ray, or skate.