Nowhere to Grow by Les Whitbeck and Dan Hoyt Explored

question 58

Multiple Choice

Nowhere to Grow by Les Whitbeck and Dan Hoyt explored the lives of homeless and runaway teens in the Midwest. The authors found that "associating with deviant peers" had a dramatic effect on a wide range of deviant behaviors including increasing "the likelihood of serious substance abuse almost 32 times." What theory of deviance considers the way in which such interpersonal relationships help to predict deviant behavior?

• A) self-fulfilling prophecy
• B) retreatism
• C) differential association
• D) labeling theory

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Definitions:

Identical

Exactly the same in every way; often used in the context of identical twins who share the exact same genetic makeup.

Polygenic Inheritance

A mode of inheritance in which traits are controlled by multiple genes, contributing to the phenotype in a cumulative or additive manner.

Traits

Characteristics or qualities that are inherent to a person or entity, often used to describe personality attributes.

Genes

Genes are the basic physical and functional units of heredity, made up of DNA, that determine the characteristics of an organism.