What Do We Call Groups That Are Used as Standards

question 130

Multiple Choice

What do we call groups that are used as standards to evaluate ourselves positively, in terms of the qualities we aspire to achieve, or negatively, in terms of the qualities we wish to avoid?

• A) reference groups
• B) out-groups
• C) in-groups
• D) networks

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Definitions:

Political Retrenchment

The process of reducing or cutting back on political engagement or government policies, often in response to economic pressures or ideological shifts.

Racial Domination

The systemic imposition of racial hierarchies, privileging certain racial groups over others, often enforced through social, economic, and political means.

Organizing Force

A catalyst or influence that mobilizes people or resources towards a common goal or shared purpose.

Overt Coercion

The clear and open use of force or intimidation to compel someone to act or think in a certain way.