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Graph 8.1
Data plotted in the graph appear in the table below.
-If forecast errors are normally distributed with a mean of 0, the relationship between σ and MAD is:
Total Variable Cost
The sum of all costs that vary with output level, including materials, labor, and other costs that increase with production volume.
Relevant Range
The range of activity within which the assumptions about fixed and variable cost behavior are valid.
Average Costs
The total costs (fixed and variable) divided by the total quantity produced, representing the cost per unit of production.
Merchandise Purchases
The procurement of goods for resale, typically in a retail or wholesale environment, not involving the manufacturing process.
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