Garcia and Koelling's Findings on Taste Aversion in Rats Challenged

question 70

Multiple Choice

Garcia and Koelling's findings on taste aversion in rats challenged the previously accepted principle that

• A) positive reinforcement is more effective than punishment in changing behavior.
• B) the US must immediately follow the CS for conditioning to occur.
• C) learning is influenced by the frequency of association between the CS and US.
• D) learning occurs only if a response is followed by reinforcement.

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Definitions:

Oedipus Complex

A concept in psychoanalytic theory referring to a child's unconscious sexual desire for the opposite-sex parent and jealousy toward the same-sex parent.

Genital Stage

A phase in Freud's psychosexual development theory occurring in puberty, where sexual interests mature and focus on genital organs.

Sublimation

A defense mechanism proposed by psychoanalytic theory where socially unacceptable impulses or idealizations are transformed into socially acceptable actions or behavior.

Defense Mechanism

Psychological strategies used unconsciously to protect oneself from anxiety or social sanctions.