Phrenologists Believed Relatively Small Bumps and Indentations on the Surface

question 41

Multiple Choice

Phrenologists believed relatively small bumps and indentations on the surface of the skull dictate personality traits. Since this assertion is inconsistent with what is known in science, it shows a common feature of pseudosciences-namely, that they:

• A) do not make specific, testable hypotheses.
• B) do not systematically check out outcomes of predictions.
• C) use logical criteria inappropriately.
• D) make scientifically implausible claims.

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Definitions:

Sex-Linked

A characteristic, such as a genetic disorder, that is determined by genes located on the sex chromosomes, typically the X or Y chromosome.

Disorders

Conditions or ailments that disrupt normal physiological or psychological functions.

Males

Refers to the biological and physiological characteristics that define humans as male.

Genetics

The branch of biology that studies genes, heredity, and variation in living organisms, explaining how traits are passed from parents to offspring.