As Kevin Took His Exam, He Looked Over Each True/false

question 14

Multiple Choice

As Kevin took his exam, he looked over each true/false question and thought about how confusing the test was for him. After a while, he seemed to observe a pattern: Every time a question confused him, the answer seemed to be false. Kevin was surprised when he got his test back and found that an equal number of confusing items were true and false. Which of the following thinking errors was involved in Kevin's perceived pattern of true/false answers?

• A) Falsification
• B) Confusing correlation with causation
• C) Post hoc reasoning
• D) Illusory correlation

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Definitions:

Social Facilitation

The phenomenon that people often perform better on tasks when in the presence of others compared to when they are alone.

Bystander Intervention

The act of stepping in to help when someone sees another person in a harmful situation, influenced by various psychological factors.

Emergency Squad

A specialized team or group of services that respond to and manage emergencies.

Bystander Effect

One reason people fail to help strangers in distress: The larger the group a person is in, the less likely he is to help, partly because no one in the group thinks it is up to him to act.