Damisch, Stroberock, and Mussweiller (2010) Conducted a Series of Experiments

question 35

Multiple Choice

Damisch, Stroberock, and Mussweiller (2010) conducted a series of experiments on whether having a lucky charm could improve performance. One of the studies showed clear benefits of superstition on cognitive performance, while an experiment by Calin-Jageman and Caldwell (2014) attempted but failed to replicate the Damisch et al. findings. Which is the BEST interpretation of the results from both studies?

• A) The two studies suggest that engaging in superstitious behaviors can enhance cognitive performance.
• B) The discrepancy in the results of the two studies raises questions about whether engaging in superstitious behaviors can enhance cognitive performance.
• C) The Damisch et al. study provides clear evidence that engaging in superstitious behaviors can enhance cognitive performance, and others agree.
• D) The discrepancy in the results of the two studies leads to the conclusion that engaging in superstitious behaviors does not enhance cognitive performance.

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Definitions:

Sensitization

Sensitization is the increased response to a stimulus following its repeated exposure, leading to an escalated response to subsequent exposures.

B State

Refers to a theoretical physiological state that an organism is in, affecting its learning and behavior; often not a scientifically established term.

Withdrawal

A physiological and psychological state characterized by symptoms that occur when stopping or drastically reducing the intake of a substance that was used regularly.

Tolerance

The reduced reactivity to an event with repeated experience.