What Are the Four Elements That Must Be Satisfied in Order

question 12

Essay

What are the four elements that must be satisfied in order to have a joint enterprise?

Identify the stages in the life cycle of a social change issue.

Recognize the reasons nonprofits may be hesitant to engage in lobbying or advocacy.

Describe the impact of specific laws and IRS regulations on nonprofit lobbying activities.

Explain the role of advocacy in achieving a nonprofit's mission.

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Definitions:

Coupon

The interest rate disbursed annually on a bond, indicated as a percent of its face value.

Bond Price

Bond price is the present value of a bond's future interest payments and its redemption value at maturity, which fluctuates with interest rates and the bond's credit rating.

Tax Exempt Equivalent Yield

A calculation that determines the return needed on a taxable bond to make it equivalent to the yield on a tax-exempt bond, factoring in the investor's tax rate.

Marginal Tax Rate

The amount of tax paid on an additional dollar of income.