The Following Experiment Is Used for the Following Question In Each of the Four Environments, One of the Caterpillars

question 27

Multiple Choice

The following experiment is used for the following question.
A researcher discovered a species of moth that lays its eggs on oak trees. Eggs are laid at two distinct times of the year: early in spring when the oak trees are flowering and in midsummer when flowering is past. Caterpillars from eggs that hatch in spring feed on oak flowers and look like oak flowers, but caterpillars that hatch in summer feed on oak leaves and look like oak twigs.
How does the same population of moths produce such different-looking caterpillars on the same trees? To answer this question, the biologist caught many female moths from the same population and collected their eggs. He put at least one egg from each female into eight identical cups. The eggs hatched, and at least two larvae from each female were maintained in one of the four temperature and light conditions listed below.
$\begin{array}{l|l}\text { Temperature } & \text { Day Length } \\\hline \text { Springlike } & \text { Springlike } \\\hline \text { Springlike } & \text { Summerlike } \\\hline \text { Summerlike } & \text { springlike } \\\hline \text { Summerlike } & \text { summerlike }\end{array}$

In each of the four environments, one of the caterpillars was fed oak flowers, the other oak leaves. Thus, there were a total of eight treatment groups (4 environments × 2 diets) .
Which one of the following is not a plausible hypothesis that can be tested in this experiment?

• A) The longer day lengths of summer trigger the development of twig-like caterpillars.
• B) The cooler temperatures of spring trigger the development of flowerlike caterpillars.
• C) Differences in air pressure, due to differences in elevation, trigger the development of different types of caterpillars.
• D) Differences in diet trigger the development of different types of caterpillars.

Identify and describe the characteristics and purposes of Greek architectural orders.

Understand the find contexts of Greek artifacts and the implications for their preservation and historical interpretation.

Recognize and explain the significance of key Greek historical, mythological, and cultural figures in the art and society of Ancient Greece.

Describe the techniques used in Greek sculpture and vase painting.

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Definitions:

Experimenter Bias

A process where the scientists conducting an experiment influence the results, intentionally or unintentionally, in a direction consistent with their hypothesis.

Ethical

Pertaining to or dealing with morals or the principles of morality; pertaining to right and wrong in conduct.

Natural Experiments

Research designs that involve observing the effects of naturally occurring variables or events, as opposed to manipulations made by the researcher.

Quasi-experiments

Research designs that attempt to establish cause-and-effect relationships but lack the element of random assignment to treatment or control groups.