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What Is the Source of Acid Rain

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What is the source of acid rain?

Distinguish between the party-in-the-electorate, party organization, and party-in-government.
Explain the concept of a party machine and its evolution over time.
Assess the factors reinforcing the two-party system and the challenges it faces.
Consider the potential benefits and drawbacks of proportional representation versus the two-party system.

Definitions:

Glass Ceiling

An invisible barrier preventing minorities and women from rising to upper levels of management or leadership despite their qualifications.

Top-down Barrier

Obstacles to progress or communication that originate from higher levels in a hierarchical structure, affecting those at lower levels.

Occupational Advancement Bias

The unequal opportunity for promotion or advancement in a workplace, often influenced by gender, race, or other personal characteristics rather than merit or abilities.

Old-boy Network

An informal system of support and information sharing among professionals or alumni of certain institutions, often excluding those outside the group.

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