The Following Questions Refer to the Evolutionary Tree in the Figure

question 37

Multiple Choice

The following questions refer to the evolutionary tree in the figure below.
The horizontal axis of the cladogram depicted below is a timeline that extends from 100,000 years ago to the present; the vertical axis represents nothing in particular. The labeled branch points on the tree (V-Z) represent various common ancestors. Let's say that only since 50,000 years ago has there been enough variation between the lineages depicted here to separate them into distinct species, and only the tips of the lineages on this tree represent distinct species.

In Darwin's tree of life, each fork in the tree represents ________.

• A) groups of living organisms
• B) groups of extinct organisms
• C) the most recent common ancestor of the subsequent branches
• D) morphologic gaps in the fossil record

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Definitions:

Variable Overhead

Costs that vary with production volume, such as utilities or materials, which do not remain fixed over time.

Cost Driver

A factor that causes the cost of an activity to increase or decrease, such as machine-hours, labor hours, or production volume.

Budget Variance

The difference between the budgeted or planned amount of expense or revenue, and the actual amount incurred or earned.

Variable Overhead

Costs of production that fluctuate with the level of output, such as utility expenses and some types of labor costs, which are not directly tied to the volume of production.