In the Oceans on Either Side of the Isthmus of Panama

question 29

Multiple Choice

In the oceans on either side of the Isthmus of Panama are 30 species of snapping shrimp; some are shallow-water species, others are adapted to deep water. There are 15 species on the Pacific side and 15 different species on the Atlantic side. The Isthmus of Panama started rising about 10 million years ago. The oceans were completely separated by the isthmus about 3 million years ago.
In the figure, the isthmus separates the Pacific Ocean on the left (side A) from the Atlantic Ocean on the right (side B) . The seawater on either side of the isthmus is separated into five depth habitats (1-5) , with 1 being the shallowest.

Which factor is most important for explaining why there are equal numbers of snapping shrimp species on either side of the isthmus?

• A) the relative shortness of time they have been separated
• B) the depth of the sea
• C) the number of actual depth habitats between the surface and the sea floor
• D) the elevation of the isthmus above sea level

---

Definitions:

Intransitive Preferences

A situation in consumer choice theory where a consumer's preferences are not consistently ordered, making some choices irrational when compared directly.

Law of Demand

The law of demand states that, all else being equal, there is an inverse relationship between the price of a good and the quantity demanded by consumers.

Pepperoni Pizza

A popular pizza variety topped with pepperoni slices, cheese, and tomato sauce, loved for its spicy and savory flavor.

Anchovy Pizza

A pizza variety topped with anchovies along with other ingredients, often noted for its salty and strong flavor.