The Following Question Refers to the Figure

question 11

Multiple Choice

The following question refers to the figure.
In this eight-year experiment, 12 populations of E. coli, each begun from a single cell, were grown in low-glucose conditions for 20,000 generations. Each culture was introduced to fresh growth medium every 24 hours. Occasionally, samples were removed from the populations, and their fitness in low-glucose conditions was tested against that of members sampled from the ancestral (common ancestor) E. coli population.

E. coli cells typically make most of their ATP by metabolizing glucose. Under the conditions of this experiment, E. coli generation times in the experimental lines and low-glucose conditions should ________.

• A) be the same as in the typical environment
• B) be faster than in the typical environment
• C) be slower than in the typical environment
• D) increase over time in the experimental cells

---

Definitions:

Variable Overhead

Indirect production costs that vary with the level of output, such as utilities or indirect materials used in the production process.

Direct Materials

The raw materials that are directly used in the manufacturing process of a product and are easily traceable to that product.

Direct Labor-Hours

A measure of the work done by manufacturing employees directly involved in the production process, typically quantified in hours.

Variable Overhead

Costs that vary with the level of production output, such as supplies and utility expenses associated with manufacturing operations.