Use the Figure to Answer the Question

question 25

Multiple Choice

Use the figure to answer the question.
A: Morphological phylogeny.

B: Molecular phylogeny.

In the traditional phylogeny (A) , the phylum Platyhelminthes is depicted as a sister taxon to the rest of the protostome phyla and as having diverged earlier from the lineage that led to the rest of the protostomes. In the molecular phylogeny (B) , Platyhelminthes is depicted as a Lophotrochozoan phylum. What probably led to this change?

• A) Platyhelminthes ceased to be recognized as true protostomes.
• B) The removal of the acoel flatworms (Acoela) from the Platyhelminthes allowed the remaining flatworms to be a monophyletic clade clearly tied to the Lophotrochozoa.
• C) All Platyhelminthes must have a well-developed lophophore as their feeding apparatus.
• D) Platyhelminthes' close genetic ties to the arthropods became clear as their Hox gene sequences were studied.

Describe common brain imaging techniques and their purposes.

Understand the concept and function of the myelin sheath in neurons.

Explain the process of neural conduction and signal transmission in the nervous system.

Identify the structure and function of neurons.

---

Definitions:

Rational Actors

Individuals or entities that make decisions based on logical reasoning, often within the context of economic theory, aiming to maximize utility or benefit.

Exchange Theory

A social theory that views interactions and relationships as transactions where individuals seek to maximize rewards and minimize costs.

Decision-Making

The cognitive process of choosing a course of action among multiple alternatives, often involving considerations of risk and reward.

Coveted Rewards

Highly desired benefits or prizes that individuals or groups seek to obtain, often driving competition and motivation.