Use the Following Information to Answer the Question The Table Is a Comparison of Several Characteristics of H

question 21

Multiple Choice

Use the following information to answer the question.
Brown et al. and Morwood et al. reported in 2004 that they had found skeletal remains of a previously unknown type of hominin, now dubbed Homo floresiensis, on the Indonesian island of Flores. These hominins were small (approximately 1 meter tall) with small braincases (approximately 380 cubic centimeters) as compared with other hominins. The remains of H. floresiensis were found alongside handmade stone tools and the remains of dwarf elephants that also inhabited the island, suggesting that H. floresiensis was able both to make tools and to coordinate the hunting of animals much larger than itself. H. floresiensis is estimated to have lived at the site where the remains were found from at least 38,000 years ago to 18,000 years ago.
$\begin{array}{c}\begin{array}{|l|}\hline\\\\\\\text {Species}\\\hline\text {Australopitheaus}\\\text {afarensis}\\\hline\text {A. africanus}\\\hline\text {Paranthropus boisei}\\\hline\text {Homo habilis}\\\hline\text {H. ergaster}\\\hline\text {H. erectus}\\\hline\text {H. heidelbergensis}\\\hline\\\text {H. neanderthalensis}\\\hline\text {H. floresiensis}\\\hline\\\text {H. sapiens}\\\hline\end{array}\begin{array}{l|}\hline\\\\\text {Location }\\\text {of Fossils}\\\hline\\\text {Africa}\\\hline\text {Africa}\\\hline\text {Africa}\\\hline\text {Africa}\\\hline\text {Africa}\\\hline\text {Africa, Asia}\\\hline\text {Africa, Europe}\\\hline\text {Middle East, }\\\text {Europe, Asia}\\\hline\text {Asia}\\\hline\text {Middle East,}\\\text {Europe, Asia}\\\hline\end{array}\begin{array}{l|}\hline\\\text {Estimated}\\\text {Average}\\\text {Body MLass (kg) }\\\hline\\450\\\hline450\\\hline510\\\hline550\\\hline850\\\hline1000\\\hline1200\\\hline\\1500\\\hline380\\\hline\\1350\\\hline\end{array}\begin{array}{l|}\hline\\\text {Estimated}\\\text {Average}\\\text {Body MLass (kg) }\\\hline\\36\\\hline36\\\hline44\\\hline34\\\hline58\\\hline57\\\hline62\\\hline\\76\\\hline16-36\\\hline\\53\\\hline\end{array}\begin{array}{l|}\hline\\\text {Associated }\\\text {with Stone }\\\text {Tools?}\\\hline\\\text {No}\\\hline\text {No}\\\hline\text {No?}\\\hline\text {yes}\\\hline\text {yes}\\\hline\text {yes}\\ \hline\text {yes}\\\hline\\\text {yes}\\\hline \text {yes}\\\hline\\\text {yes}\\\hline \end{array}\end{array}$

The table is a comparison of several characteristics of H. floresiensis to those of nine other hominin species (arranged roughly from oldest to most recent) . What do these data suggest?

• A) A large brain is not necessarily required for toolmaking.
• B) Body mass and braincase volume are completely unrelated.
• C) Hominins first evolved in and then radiated out from Asia.
• D) Homo floresiensis is most closely related to Australopithecus afarensis or A. africanus.

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