What Adaptations Should One Expect of the Seed Coats of Angiosperm

question 60

Multiple Choice

What adaptations should one expect of the seed coats of angiosperm species whose seeds are dispersed by frugivorous (fruit-eating) animals, as opposed to angiosperm species whose seeds are dispersed by other means?
1) The exterior of the seed coat should have barbs or hooks.
2) The seed coat should contain secondary compounds that irritate the lining of the animal's mouth.
3) The seed coat should be able to withstand low pHs.
4) The seed coat, upon its complete digestion, should provide vitamins or nutrients to animals.
5) The seed coat should be resistant to the animals' digestive enzymes.

• A) 4 only
• B) 1 and 2
• C) 3 and 5
• D) 3, 4, and 5

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Definitions:

Ratio Analysis

A quantitative method of gaining insight into a company's liquidity, operational efficiency, and profitability by comparing line items on financial statements.