Which of the Following Statements Are Fundamental to the Clonal

question 12

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements are fundamental to the clonal selection theory of how the adaptive immune system functions?
I.Each lymphocyte has a unique membrane receptor that recognizes one antigen.
II.When the lymphocyte binds an antigen, it is activated and begins dividing to form many identical copies of itself.
III.Cloned lymphocytes have slight differences and are selected by the spleen for removal if they do not bind an antigen.
IV.Cloned cells descend from an activated lymphocyte and persist even after the pathogen is eliminated.

• A) only I and III
• B) only II and IV
• C) only I, II, and IV
• D) only II, III, and IV

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Definitions:

Classical Conditioning

A learning process that occurs through associations between an environmental stimulus and a naturally occurring stimulus.

Evoked Responses

Electrical potentials recorded from the nervous system following presentation of a stimulus, used to assess sensory function and neural pathways.

Extinction

The process by which stimuli lose their ability to evoke learned responses because the events that had followed the stimuli no longer occur. The learned responses are said to be extinguished.

Operant Conditioning

A method of learning that occurs through rewards and punishments for behavior, aiming at increasing or decreasing specific behaviors.