Elephants Are Not the Most Abundant Species in African Grasslands

question 40

Multiple Choice

Elephants are not the most abundant species in African grasslands, yet they influence community structure. The grasslands contain scattered woody plants, but they are kept in check by the uprooting activities of the elephants. Take away the elephants, and the grasslands are converted to forests or to shrublands. The newly growing forests support fewer species than the previous grasslands. Which of the following statements describes why elephants are the keystone species in this scenario?

• A) Elephants exhibit a disproportionate influence on the structure of the community relative to their abundance.
• B) Grazing animals depend upon the elephants to convert forests to grassland.
• C) Elephants are the biggest herbivore in this community.
• D) Elephants help other populations survive by keeping out many of the large African predators.

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Definitions:

Vertical Analysis

A financial analysis method that expresses each item in a financial statement as a percentage of a base amount from the same statement.

Comparative Income Statement

A financial statement that compares income, expenses, and net earnings over different periods to highlight trends and performance improvements or declines.

Administrative Expenses

Expenses related to the general operation of a company, including salaries of executives, office supplies, and legal and financial fees.

Working Capital

The difference between a company's current assets and current liabilities, indicating its short-term liquidity.