Spam Filtering for E-Mails Can Be Seen as an Example

question 31

Multiple Choice

Spam filtering for e-mails can be seen as an example of which of the following types of approaches of data mining?

• A) reduction
• B) association
• C) cause-and-effect modeling
• D) classification

---

Definitions:

Corporate Social Responsibility

A business model where companies integrate social and environmental concerns in their operations and interactions with stakeholders.

Social Well-Being

The condition in which an individual and community experience health, happiness, and prosperity, reflecting overall quality of life.

Agricultural Initiatives

Programs or actions taken to improve or support the agricultural sector, often aiming at sustainability, efficiency, and productivity improvements.

Common Measures Bias

A bias that occurs when survey respondents use common scales to make their answers seem more socially acceptable or favorable.