How Does the Proton Motive Force Lead to Production of ATP

question 20

Multiple Choice

How does the proton motive force lead to production of ATP?

• A) ATPase requires one proton to make one ATP.
• B) Protons must be pumped against a concentration gradient from outside of the cell into the cell to rotate the F₀ subunit of ATPase for the F₁ subunit to make ATP.
• C) Oxidative phosphorylation of ADP by ATP synthase requires protons as cofactors in the reaction.
• D) Translocation of three to four protons drives the F₀ component of ATPase which in turn phosphorylates one ADP into ATP.

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Definitions:

Interaction Effect

A statistical phenomenon where the effect of one independent variable on a dependent variable depends on the level of another independent variable.

DfB

Degrees of Freedom Between groups, referring to the number of independent values in the calculation of variance between the different groups under study.

DfWG

Degrees of Freedom Within Groups, a statistical concept used in variance analysis to describe the number of independent pieces of information that went into the estimate of variability.

Critical Value

The threshold value that a test statistic must exceed to reject the null hypothesis in a statistical test.