Consider the Distinctive Assumptions Concerning the Nature of the Person

question 25

Essay

Consider the distinctive assumptions concerning the nature of the person within psychology as a Western development in relation to those within Eastern philosophies and religious systems.

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Definitions:

Discrimination Training

The process of reinforcing a response to a specific stimulus while not reinforcing responses to similar stimuli, thereby teaching the subject to differentiate between the stimuli.

Generalization Test Stimuli

Stimuli that are not exactly the same as the conditioned stimulus but are similar enough to elicit the conditioned response, used to test the breadth of stimulus generalization.

Behavioral Contrast

The phenomenon in which the rate of response varies according to a change in reinforcement conditions, usually in operant conditioning.

Transposition

Köhler’s idea that animals learn relationships between stimuli and that they respond to different stimuli based on the same relationship as the original training stimuli.