Examlex
The reproductive systems of many insects can be manipulated by parasitic symbionts, which are passed down to each generation and can skew the sex ratio of their progeny.
Public Goods
Goods that are non-excludable and non-rivalrous, meaning they can be used by anyone without preventing others from using them as well.
Not Excludable
A characteristic of a good or service that does not allow producers to prevent its use by non-paying consumers, often leading to market failure.
Free Riders
Individuals who benefit from resources, goods, or services without paying for them, often leading to under-provision or depletion of those resources.
Club Goods
Items that are non-rivalrous but excludable, meaning that one person's use does not reduce availability to others but access can be restricted, typically through a membership fee.
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