A Null Hypothesis Is Stated

question 12

Multiple Choice

A null hypothesis is stated. The null hypothesis is, "There is no difference between 10 mcg and 20 mcg of vitamin D3, in prevention of osteoporosis." What are the implications of this statement, concerning the null hypothesis and Type I error?

• A)Rejecting the null hypothesis when it actually is false means that the researcher has made a Type I error in concluding that there is a difference between 10 and 20 mcg of vitamin D3 in preventing osteoporosis.
• B)Making the statement is itself a Type I error.
• C)Whether the null hypothesis is true or not makes no difference, in terms of Type I error.
• D)Whether or not the researcher rejects the null hypothesis makes no difference, in terms of Type I error.
• E)Rejecting the null hypothesis when it actually is false means that the researcher concludes that there is a difference between 10 and 20 mcg of vitamin D3 in preventing osteoporosis, and there is no error.
• F)Rejecting the null hypothesis when it actually is true means that there is no difference between 10 and 20 mcg of vitamin D3 in preventing osteoporosis, but the researcher thinks there is, and has made a Type I error.

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Definitions:

Limiting Factor

An environmental condition that restricts the growth, abundance, or distribution of an organism or a population within an ecosystem.

Nutrient

A substance that provides nourishment essential for the growth and maintenance of life.

Nitrites

Compounds containing the nitrite ion, NO2−, often used in food preservation and potentially harmful in high concentrations.

Bicarbonate

A bicarbonate ion (HCO3-) or a salt containing it, which acts as a buffer to maintain the pH balance in blood and other fluids.